请说明下列三句英语的不同及在no后接名词时单复数的使用方法。

I have no brother.

I have no brothers.

I have not a brother.

have no brother 及 have no brothers 请说明下列三句英语的不同及在no后接名词时单复数的使用方法。 I have no brother. I have no brothers. I have not a brother.



【解答】 在no后接不可数的事物时,是用单数, 如： I haveno water。所以但凡不可数的名词,一概都用单数。成为问题的是那些可数的名词,如问句中提出 other之类。

在“no+名词”而成为动词have的宾语时,也有种种不一样的情形,现分别加以说明如下。

比如一把茶壶普通只有一个壸盖,在这种情形下,说这茶壶没壶盖”时,当然是以用单数为原则:

This teapot has no lid. 同此类的,都用单数,如:

That cat has no tail. He has no father.

普通一个人只带一只手表，外出只带一架照相机

I have no watch. He has no camera

至于树上的叶子势必是不少的，飞蚂蚁的翼翅势必是成双的，人的牙齿也有三十个以上，所以当然都要用复数名词:

That tree has no leaves. The ant has no wings.

My grandmother has no teeth.

说到 brother如此的名词，就非常难讲了，由于有人只有一个哥哥或一个弟弟，有人则有好几个兄弟，实在没肯定，所以问句中的例 既能够说，例也可以说，没一点什么不一样。

把no后接的名词，用作单数或复数，全在说话者当时的感触，假如他感觉他们只有一个兄弟他就用单数名词；假如他感觉他们可能兄弟不少他就用复数名词。二者并没区别，只不过反映说话者的意识而已。再举同样情形的比如下:

She has no child .

I have no sister .

We have no egg left.

至于及 I have no brother与 I have not a brother两句，意思是有的不一样的。或句只不过说“我无兄弟”,而句则语气要强得多,可译成“我连一个兄弟也没”。

There is no man who can do it.

There is not a man who can do it.

I have no book.

I have not a book.

There was no egg in the nest.

There was not an egg in the nest.

假如不是用在动词have之后，或由 there is开头的句中而是用于be动词的场所,意思又不同了。

He is not a teacher.意为“他不是教书的”，他可能是公务员，也会是商人等等。

He is no teacher意为“他不是一个好教师，他教书简直不成。这句比上句意思强得多。

He is not a poet.

He is no poet.

He is not a fool:

He is no tool.

It is not a joke.

It is no joke.

He is not a scholar.

He is no scholar.

I am not a coward.

I am no coward.

在 there is之后,“no+名词”的单数或复数，和在动词have后的情形一样,可单可复,比如:

There is no stove in my room.因一间房屋中一般只装个炉子,所以用单数。

There are no books on the shelf.因书架上一般要放很多本书,故用复数。

假如那名词的数,一般可单可复,则说:

There is no bottle on the table. 或

There are no bottles on the table皆可。

在have以外的动词，也可照此原则办理，比如:

I saw no dog.

He wears no tie.

She wears no earrings.



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